INFRASTRUCTURE 2000

Malek Adjouadi and Armando Barreto

Center for Advanced Technology and Education, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Florida International University, University Park, Miami, Florida 33199

adjouadi@eng.fiu.edu; barreto@eng.fiu.edu;

Abstract

The NSF funded Center for Advanced Technology and Education (NSF-CATE) at Florida International University (FIU) was established in the fall of 1993 through an initial 3-year NSF-CISE-CDA-IIMI grant that was later augmented with a 2-year continuation grant.  Additional grants from the NSF-ARI and the NSF-MRI programs allowed us to enhance greatly our infrastructure in key research areas related to real-time 3-D confocal microscopy and EEG-brain research based on real-time Electrical Source Imaging using 256 electrodes - ESI-256.  A new five-year grant (8/99-7/04) from the NSF-CISE-EIA-MII program is allowing us to expand our Institutional Infrastructure in Support of Computer Engineering with Special Focus on Human-Computer Interface Research and Information Processing using parallel and distributed computational platforms.  The NSF-CATE center constitutes a modern multidisciplinary infrastructure used for both instructional and research activities.  New opportunities for carrying out research in areas of critical technology need have served us well, not only in addressing new CISE research directions, but also in solidifying our collaboration with industry and the private sector.  These efforts have made it possible to attract and retain a great number of graduate students who are finding in this infrastructure all the support they need to pursue their graduate studies all the way to the Ph.D. level.  We are happy to report that many of these outstanding graduate students come from the traditionally underrepresented groups (African Americans and Women).  A comprehensive outreach program to our local high-schools and colleges along with the support of undergraduates serve to maintain a prospering student pipeline where undergraduate students are exposed early to the merits of research, thus facilitating their transition to the graduate program.

1. Introductory Material

1.1 Introduction to Florida International University

Florida International University (FIU) is an urban institution located in Miami with campuses at University Park (main campus), North Miami (renamed officially on May 17th by the Board of Regents as the Biscayne Bay Campus), and a new campus, one mile away from University Park, housing the Engineering and Applied Science (EAS) building, a 250,000 sq.ft. structure on a 36-acre land. Chartered by the Florida Legislature in 1965, the University opened its doors in 1972. A member of the State University System of Florida, FIU is a doctoral-granting, multi-campus institution offering more than 200 degree programs, including 42 doctoral programs.  As of Fall of 1999, the University has an enrolment of 31,274 students, making it the largest public university in South Florida. Academic programs of our institution include 135 B.S., 125 M.S. and 48 Ph.D. programs all approved by the Florida Board of Regents.  FIU has been consistently cited in US News & World's Report's annual survey under "America's Best Colleges" as one of the country's finest regional universities. FIU's diverse enrollment reflects the multicultural composition of our community. Nearly 67% of our enrollment is drawn from minorities.  The University has the second largest contingent of African-American students (14.5%) in the state and the largest contingent of Hispanic students (52.5%) of any doctoral-granting university in the country.  Women constitute 56.5% of our enrollment. Also, FIU graduates the most Hispanic-engineering students in the continental US.  In particular, our Electrical and Computer Engineering department is ranked first in the total Hispanic undergraduate enrollment and third in the nation in the number of total Hispanic graduate enrollment (Source: AAES- Engineering Workforce Commission).  The University has been designated a Title III institution by the US Department of Education, and is a member of the HBCU/Minority Institutions Consortium, and the National Science Foundation's Gateway Coalition.

1.2. Introduction to the Project

The NSF-funded Center for Advanced Technology and Education - CATE - provides a multidisciplinary research environment engaging researchers as well as facilitating classroom and laboratory-based instruction in key technology areas.  CATE constitutes an infrastructure that is viable for cutting-edge educational activities in support of both undergraduate and graduate students, with funding allocated to carryout the following research areas: 

Image Processing and Computer Vision; - EEG-Based Research, Human-Computer and Brain-Computer Interfaces; - Robotics for Motion Planning and Automated Guidance; - Real-time and Multidimensional Signal Processing; - Confocal Microscopy; - Flow Cytometry for Hematology studies and Data Analysis.

The CATE center focuses on two central themes: (1) the integration of software development and hardware design towards the solution of key problems in areas deemed of critical technology need, and (2) the creation of a strong link on one hand between academia and industry/private sector sharing similar research objectives, and on the other hand between instructional activities and research activities within our college, strengthening our curriculum in the process and benefiting undergraduate and graduate studies. Based on these central themes, researchers in the CATE center attempt to bring their research findings to the realm of practicality and in service to our society.  New algorithms and techniques are being developed for such things as diagnostics in medical applications, and human-computer or brain-computer interfaces that will better the lives of those among us who live with disabilities focusing on visual impairment or blindness, loss of motor functions, and key brain disorders such as epilepsy. 

1.3. URL for Project

Our main URL is: http://cate.fiu.edu/infra2000. Links to our work is provided at the University level and through academic colleagues and some industry like (http://www.neuro.com/neuroscan/index.htm)

2.  Goals, Objectives and Targeted Activities for the Past Year

2.1 Goals and Objectives

One of our primary objectives were to (1) establish a modern infrastructure capable of addressing critical research areas of CISE and (2) Create an environment that will encourage recruitment of graduates as well as undergraduates, as we focus on redressing the recruitment rate of underrepresented minorities.  For example, in the NSF-CATE center of the total 42 students that we have recruited, 25 are female students where 11 are African Americans and 20 are Hispanics.

With the instructional and research activities made possible by this NSF grant we were able to create a strong networking research partnership with our academic partners here at FIU and elsewhere in the USA, and with industry and the private sector.  Details are provided in Section 2.3.

2.2 Targeted Activities

Our research activities have grown and diversified to include the general fields of (a) Information Processing; (b) EEG-Brain Research, Human-Computer Interfaces focusing on people with disabilities, Biomedical Applications, and Specific Applications of Robotics.

We have created summer/academic programs that involve a large number of our community high schools.

We have just this year created two instructional/research laboratories as identified in Section 2.4.2.

We have developed 7 new classes and redesigned 2 courses to include parallel and distributed processing, all in direct support of the instructional/research activities addressed by this grant. Details are provided in Section 2.4.3.

2.3 Components and Materials Required

2.3 1 Human Resources

·         Faculty: Malek Adjouadi, Armando Barreto, Gustavo Roig, Ana Pasztor, Maria Martinez, Mark Weiss.

·         Students: 11 Ph.D. Students, 13 M.S. students and 10 Undergraduates (details are given in Section 3)

·         RESEARCH PARTNERS: Neuroscience Center at Miami Children’s Hospital, Beckman-Coulter Corporation, Baptist Hospital, Fraunhofer Institute, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, The Spinal Cord Injury Service with the Veterans Administration Medical Center, and Intelligent Hearing Systems.

·         CONSULTANTS: Julie Jacko, University of Wisconsin at Madison; Richard Alo, University of Houston Downtown; and Kurt Vanlehn, University of Pittsburgh.

2.3.2 Equipment

The main equipment of the NSF-CATE center include:

·         The Electric Source Imaging – 256 channel system (ESI-256) for brain research

·         Eye-Gaze Tracking Systems: Eye-Gaze tracking systems are available with both remote and head-mounted optics

·         Onyx Machine with four R-8000 processors

·         A Cluster of Eight Computers for Distributed Processing including all networking accessories for local and remote login

·         RCM 8000 real-time Confocal Microscope

·         An upgraded Nomad 200 integrated mobile robot system with multi-sensory modalities

·         A Coulter EPICS Profile II Flow Cytometer for in-flow analysis of microscopic particles

·         Servers, Workstations and PCs include 20 SGI Indy Workstations; 2 Origin 200 servers with video streamers, 1 Challenge M server; 20 Personnel Computers (Pentiums with MMX Technology); and all supporting accessories including Printers and CCD cameras.  All computers of the NSF-CATE center are accessible locally or through remote login.

2.4 Indications of Success

2.4.1 Student support, degrees, honors, and internships

Student Support - 11 Ph.D. Students, 13 M.S. students and 10 Undergraduates

-          Ph.D. Students (12): Patricio Vidal, John Riley, Noemi Fernandez, Mildred Saenz, Weiting Cai, Christophe Godefroy, Julio Blandón, Navarun Gupta, Carlos Reyes (on-leave until Fall 2000), Noemi Fernandez (FEEDS from Houston), Mildred Saenz (On leave – Newly wed).

-          Ms Students (14): Erika Suarez,  Daniela Viegas,  Peterjohn Hugh,  Marco Midon,  Marlin Brinson, Ana Maria Rodriguez, Euton Lyons, Ovidio Alfanso, Danmary Sanchez, Celso Duran, Alsison Valdivieso, Marc Rossman., and Fatima Kanej

-          UNDERGRADUATES (10): Claudia Rodriguez, Luz Camacho, Christine Bedia, Kirinia Nunez, Tarla Toomer, Robert Hazbun, Orfirio Sanchez, Alexis Bussieres, Tony Reddick, Alejandro Simon

NEW STUDENTS RECRUITED FOR FALL 2000 consist for now of 2MS students, and 6 new undergraduates. Of these 42 students that we have recruited, 25 are female students where 11 are African Americans and 20 are Hispanics, and one is a blind individual who will obtain his Masters this summer.

(b) Degrees Granted

5 M. Sc. degrees: Peter John Hugh, Julio Blandon, Maria Estrada, Arnoldo Sans, and Marco Midon.

2 B.S.degrees: Kerlin Quintyn and Phuong Luu.

(c) NSF Graduate Fellowships

     Annette Taberner, 1997-2000; Erica Suarez, 1998-2001; and Danmary Sanchez, 1999-2002

(d) Student Honors

-          Patricio Vidal: 1999 Alfred Estrada Scholarship Award.

-          Erika Suarez: Received the Contest Chairman's Choice Award for the technical paper presented at the 37th Annual Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium, April 2000.

-          Erika Suarez: Elected to Who's Who Among Students in American Universities & Colleges, 1999-00.

-          Daniela Viegas: NTCC 2000 SHPE/NSF scholarship (SHPE = Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers, and NTCC = National Technical Career Conference).

-          Orfirio A. Sanchez: Association of Cuban-American Engineers (ACE) scholarship, 1999-2000

-          Julio Blandon: Motorola Scholarship, Fall 1999.

-          Danmary Sanchez: 1999 Honorable Mention: Alton B. Zerby and Carl T. Koerner Outstanding Electrical Engineering Student Award.

 (e) Summer 2000 Internships:

-          Julio Blandon: Global Technology Development Group (GTDG), Commercial, Government, and Industrial Solutions Sector (CGISS), Motorola Communications Enterprise (CE), Plantation, Florida.

-          Claudia Rodriguez: Motorola, Communications Enterprise, CGISS-Kramer Hardware Department

-          Alejandro Simon: Lucent Technologies, Wireless division, Columbus, Ohio.

-          Patricio Vidal: Beckman-Coulter, Inc., Miami, Florida. Algorithms Group and with Motorola, Plantation, Florida. CGISS Department.

-          Erika Suarez, Motorola, Boynton Cellular Design Center.

-          Alison Valdivieso Crabtree: Motorola, Plantation, Fort Lauderdale Florida, IDEN Division.

-          Daniela Viegas: GE Medical Systems in Wisconsin, CT Systems Engineering Group.

-          Orfirio A. Sanchez: Georgia Institute of Technology, summer undergraduate research internship.

-          Danmary Sanchez: Motorola, Inc., Global Software Division.

-          Mark Rossman: IBM, Raleigh, North Carolina, Diagnostics Group.

-          Marco Midon: NASA Goddard, Mission Management Test Group, Greenbelt, Maryland.

2.4.2 Establishment of New Teaching/Research Laboratories

·         The Distributed Processing Lab housed within the NSF-CATE center

·         The Web Design and Development Laboratory housed within the Engineering Information Center.

2.4.3 Development of New Courses

The following courses have developed in support of the research activities of the NSF-CATE center:

-    EEL 2880 Applied Software Technique for Engineering (designed to expose students early to programming applications)

-    EEL 4930: Introduction to Web Design  and Development (Experimental Course offered for the first time in Spring 2000, and is so popular that it is offered this summer with the 30 students enrolled-max allowed)

-    EEL 5757: Real-Time DSP Implementations (already approved and catalogued)

-    EIN 5993: Cognitive Engineering in Human-Computer Interaction (a joint course with Industrial Engineering) that our senior and first-year graduate students can take.

-    EEL 6076: Biosignal Processing II: Introduction to Brain Topography (Offered first time in Fall 1999).

-    EEL 6751: Wavelet Theory Applied to Signal Processing (already approved and catalogued April 2000)

-    EEL 6994: Neural Systems (Experimental course taught for the first time in Spring 1999). This course is to be submitted to the curriculum committee for approval by August 2000.

-    EEL 4747: Microcomputers II, and EEL 6758: Engineering Design of Microprocessor Based Operating Systems were both redesigned by Dr. Maria Martinez to include parallel and distributed processing.

2.4.4 Participation in Outreach Programs

Our students and faculty continue to organize workshops, and participate in lecturing at local community high schools.  Visits to FIU by different classes are regularly scheduled. We have hired this past year Ms. Nola Garcia, Miami-Dade Coordinator for US FIRST Robotics who is now serving as our coordinator for Student Recruitment.  Among her many accomplishments this year, most prominent is her organizing of the 2nd annual Florida International Invitational for Robotics Championship (May 19-200, 2000) where we had coverage from the local affiliates ABC, NBC and CBS  (the ABC segment was 11 minutes long with supportive contribution from the Dean of our College of Engineering). There were 14 teams from around the state of Florida and 1 from Puerto Rico.  There were over 2500 students from Miami Dade County and also some from Broward County that participated in this incredible event.

Also under the leadership of Dr. Maria Martinez, we organized the FIU Women in Science and Engineering (WISE)-GTE Foundation - College of Engineering workshop.

2.4.5 Areas and Number of Publications

This year we recorded 17 publications appearing in a wide spectrum of journals [IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing; Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development; Journal of Particle and Particle Systems Characterization; Journal de Genie Biologique et Medical; SIGGAPH Newsletter] and in key conferences.  Two articles of our students won awards for best publications.

2.4.6 Products Developed

Under the research leadership of Dr. Armando Barreto, our graduate students were able to design two HCI working prototypes one based on software development in support of a commercial eye gaze tracking system, and the other on a custom hardware-software EMG-based system design.

2.4.7 Special Activities Made Possible by the Infrastructure

With the research activities that stem form our modern infrastructure we have built a strong collaboration with key partners in areas we see as critical in the general areas of human-computer interfaces and information processing.  Few notable examples are:

-          The Neuroscience Center at Miami Children’s Hospital (NCMCH), where our collaboration centers on EEG brain research using subdural electrodes through clinical means and external electrodes through non-invasive means using a modular (8x32) Electrical Source Imaging system with 256 channels (ESI-256).

-          The Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Service with the Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) in Miami, where our collaboration centers in the testing and evaluating of human-computer interface prototypes for veterans with severe motor disabilities.

-          The Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI) of the University of Miami School of Medicine, where Drs. Julie Jacko and Dr. Armando Barreto have engaged in numerous research collaborations focusing on the design of human-computer interface and interaction research with low-vision patients.

-          The Beckman-Coulter Corporation, where our collaboration involves the processing and classification of large databases on inflow blood cells using flow cytometry.

4.  EVALUATIONS

4.1 Degree of Success

-          This year’s goals in acquiring the infrastructure on time, and in carry out our research activities supported by instructional activities were met with success.

-          We have done extremely well in recruiting minorities into our graduate programs ( with alarger proportion of woman and African Americans)- We foresee this trend to continue in view of the students that have shown interests in applying for next Fall of 2000.

-          The results we have obtained so far in research, publications, funded grants, student recruitment, outreach programs, collaboration with industry/private sector have all exceeded our expectations, and the objectives stated in our proposal have been accomplished this first in the life of the grant.

-          This year, we have seen an increase in all of the aforementioned activities in contrast to the previous year.  This was anticipated in view of the enhanced infrastructure and the increased potential to support more students.

-          Our university has provided all the expected matching funds and our college has even exceeded its share by supporting more students through tuition waivers and also partially supporting our student recruitment coordinator.

4.2 Unmet Goals

We are working to increase the interest by industry and our colleagues in the biological sciences in the research merits provided through confocal microscopy.  Our research and publications should come to the level worthy of this sophisticated equipment, which is the confocal microscope.

4.3 Outcome

The NSF-CATE center has provided our institution as whole with a lot of  visibility.  We are mentioned in several brochures and have appeared on local television.  Our curriculum is greatly enhanced in key areas that comes to benefit directly the careers of our students.  We are now well positioned to seek funding with different agencies and different NSF directorates.  We are able to address such important research issues as EEG-Brain research, Human-Computer Interfaces to help people with disabilities, and several other applications involving information processing.  We have established close collaboration with key partners in industry and the private sector as detailed in the section on Indication of Success.

5.  Publications

1.        Adjouadi, M., Reyes, C., Vidal, P., and Barreto, A., “An Analytical Approach to Signal Reconstruction Using Gaussian Approximations Applied to Randomly Generated Data and Flow Cytometric Data”, to appear in the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, (Acceptance recommended by the Associate Editor) September 1999.

2.        C. Godefroy and M. Adjouadi, “Particle Sizing in a Flow Environment Using Light Scattering Patterns”, Journal of Particle and Particle Systems Characterization, 17 (2000) Wiley-VCH, May 2000.

3.        M. Adjouadi, C. Reyes, J. Riley, P. Vidal, “Adaptive FIR Smoothing Techniques for Flow-Cytometric Histogrammed Data”, Journal of Particle and Particle Systems Characterization, 17 (2000) Wiley-VCH, May 2000.

4.        Barreto, A., Taberner, A., and Adjouadi, M., “Mu Rhythm Variability and its Impact on the Development of Brain-Computer Interfaces”, accepted for publication in the Journal de Genie Biologique et Medical, ITBM (Innovation and Technology in Biology and Medicine), (Letter of acceptance received May, 1999).

5.        Barreto, A., Scargle, S. D., and Adjouadi, M., “A Practical EMG-based Human-Computer Interface for Users with Motor Disabilities”, accepted for publication in Vol. 37(1) of the Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, January/February 2000, pp. 53-63.

6.        Cremades G., Sanchez D., Adjouadi M., Barreto A.,    “An empirical study in human-computer interface research using EEG signals recorded with an ESI-256 machine.” Submitted to the Journal of Psychophysiology, May 2000.

7.        Barreto, A. B., Scargle, S. D., and Adjouadi, M., “Hands-off Human-Computer Interface for Individuals with Severe Motor Disabilities”, in Human-Computer Interaction: Communication, Cooperation and Application Design, Vol. 2, pp. 970-974, Publishers Bullinger, H-J., and Ziegler, J.(Eds.), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1999.

8.        Grafals O., Gupta N., Cremades G., Barreto A., Adjouadi M.,   “Decreased 3D-Sound Spatialization Accuracy Caused by Speech Bandwidth Limitation Over Commodity Audio Components.” Biomedical Science Instrumentation, Volume 36, April 2000, pp. 245-250.

9.        Suarez E., Viegas M., Adjouadi M., Barreto A.,   “Relating Induced Changes in EEG Signals to Orientation of Visual Stimuli Using the ESI-256 Machine.” Biomedical Science Instrumentation, Volume 36, April 2000, pp. 33-38. * Recipient  of a  the Chairman’s Choice Paper Award

10.     Barreto, A., Scargle, S. D., and Adjouadi, M.,  “Real-Time Digital EMG/EEG Signal Processing in a Human-Computer Interface for Users with Severe Motor Disabilities” *, Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Processing Applications & Technology (ICSPAT), 1999 November 1-4, 1999, Orlando, FL. (CD-ROM Format) * Recipient  of a  1999 ICSPAT Paper Award

11.     Barreto, A., Hugh, P.O., Jacko J.A., Adjouadi, M., “Enhanced Human-Computer Interface for Partially Sighted Users Through Real-Time Spatial Auditory Icons”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Processing Applications & Technology (ICSPAT), 1999 November 1-4, 1999, Orlando, FL. (CD-ROM Format)

12.     Barreto, A., Scargle, S. D., and Adjouadi, M.,  “A Real-Time Assistive Computer Interface for Users with Motor Disabilities”, invited paper, published in the ACM Special Interest Group on Computers and the Physically Handicapped, ACM SIGCAPH Newsletter, Number 64, June, 1999, pp. 6-16.

13.     Grafals O., Gupta N., Cremades G., Barreto A., Adjouadi M.,   “Evaluation of Digital Sound Spatialization Accuracy Over Commodity Audio Channels in a Personal Computer.” Proceedings of 1999 Computing Research Conference, December 1999, Mayaguez Puerto Rico, pp. 5-8.

14.     Sanchez D., Fatema K., Cremades G., Adjouadi M., Barreto A.,   “The effects of Human-Computer Interfaces in Mental Effort, as Measured by Alpha Activity.” Proceedings of 1999 Computing Research Conference, December 1999, Mayaguez Puerto Rico, pp. 17-20.

15.      Hale-Haniff, M.  Pasztor, A., “ Co-constructing subjective experience: A Constructivist Approach. Dialogues in Psychology”, Vol. 16, 1999.


Copyright © 1999 Center for Advanced Technology and Education